Top night of gangnam korea Secrets

As you traverse this dynamic district, make the effort to appreciate the exceptional combination of city daily life and mother nature.

Take in delectable food items in cafés and dining places like Undesirable Farmers and C27, and buy all sorts of products from Lotte Elcube, right before savoring a peaceful night inside their café within the rooftop ??you'll find just so many things to carry out in Gangnam is really an exhibition Area that showcases Samsung?�s newest technology. It?�s an outstanding option for computer specialists due to the fact readers will talk to many of them on display technological know-how.|Gangnam-gu is really a trendy Seoul district filled with luxurious sights together with browsing, nightclubs, and points to do and see. This is certainly also a loaded district over the south lender of your Han River is really a crowded area with bars and golf equipment, restaurants, searching venues as well as destinations to suit into PSY?�s renowned music ?�Gangnam Fashion?? Come across a few of the ideal things to perform in Gangnam|A Element of it consists of textbooks by international authors and commonly popular novels; that means you?�ll see a replica of Harry Potter in it. There are several ebook-similar activities right here, like poetry looking at, reserve festivals, writers??conferences in addition to e-book talks, to name just a few.|Participating in a traditional Korean tea ceremony can be a unforgettable way to connect with Korean tradition. It?�s a delightful escape that balances style and tranquility.|Mangbaedan ??A commemorative web site reflecting on historic functions plus the effects of your Korean conflict, embodying both of those division and hope.|Have your copyright Completely ready for a seamless working experience. Be certain your copyright is in just not less than six months of validity.|Gangnam basically suggests ?�south with the river,??which district in South Korea?�s money lies along the banks of the Han, one of several region?�s greatest bodies of water.|Peer into the secretive North Korea from Dora Observatory, where, with luck, you may perhaps place locals likely about their day by day lives through the border.|Your journey in Gangnam guarantees for being each fulfilling and interesting, developing Long lasting Reminiscences that may draw you back to this lively destination!|Unification Village ??A dwelling testomony to Neighborhood attempts and reconciliation, supplying insights in to the lives of locals affected by Korea?�s division.|Peer in to the secretive North Korea from Dora Observatory, the place, with luck, you would possibly location locals likely with regards to their daily life over the border.|Except for performances, the Seongnam Arts Centre frequently exhibits Visible artwork, giving an extra layer of cultural engagement. Site visitors can examine a variety of exhibitions that highlight neighborhood expertise.|The road art often reflects cultural themes, social messages, as well as spirit in the Group. It?�s a beautiful opportunity to respect art when exploring the city landscape. The Practically electronic vibe of your art complements the world?�s fashionable aesthetic.|Samsung d??light|mild|gentle|light-weight} is a singular working experience centered close to Samsung?�s most up-to-date engineering and improvements. Situated in the heart of Gangnam, this exhibition space showcases the organization?�s reducing-edge goods, which include smartphones, wearables, and residential appliances. Visitors can connect with equipment to comprehend their options.|On this guide, we?�ll delve into the top things to accomplish in Gangnam, unveiling the district?�s concealed gems and common attractions.|Soon after Checking out the mall, acquire a short wander to Bongeunsa Temple, which provides a tranquil escape through the bustling city. This attractive Buddhist temple, Established within the 8th century, supplies a glimpse into Korea?�s loaded cultural and spiritual heritage.}

The zoo contains a diverse array of animals, like elephants, lions, and pandas. Site visitors can learn about the animals as a result of enlightening shows and even view feeding sessions.

The boulevard?�s modern architecture provides to its appeal, building an opulent environment. Each store shows cautiously curated window displays that beckon you inside. Procuring here feels like an indulgent experience, with attentive staff All set To help you. for the people on a decent routine.|Imjingak Pyeonghoa-Nuri Park ??A memorial park honoring Korea?�s division even though serving as a symbolic web site for peace and reunification, that includes monuments and viewpoints.|In combination with buying, it is possible to take pleasure in the place?�s artwork scenes. Sinsa-dong frequently characteristics Road artwork and installations, furnishing a Inventive backdrop while you shop. The mixture of art and commerce generates an inspiring atmosphere.|Telling them that you do not drink is reminiscent of ?�I don?�t want to spend time with you??and could even influence your social standing (irrespective of whether own or professional) with them.|A jjimjilbang is really a quintessential Korean expertise which offers relaxation and rejuvenation. In Gangnam, a number of jjimjilbangs welcome people to unwind inside a relaxing setting.|DMZ Theater ??A multimedia practical experience that provides historical context and deepens people' comprehension of the DMZ along with the Korean conflict.|People that continue to choose to dangle out with their close friends late to the night can go chill while in the Bugak Skyway. Except for seeing the Han River along with the Nam Mountain, they can also rest in an octagonal pavilion adorned with lights, or stroll alongside a twisting route that shows rows of trees that showcase the current period, which makes it a perfect place to hang out in in the course of spring or drop.|Additionally, you will see a surprising amalgamation of art galleries and exhibits in addition to aesthetic-searching retail shops in conjunction with rather Ginkgo trees and amazing cafés. Brand name outlets- area, together with multinational, be witnessed concealed behind the trees.|Idea: To take advantage of of one's pay a visit to on the DMZ, come organized with inquiries to your knowledgeable guideline.|The Hyundai Section Retailer is not almost purchasing; it?�s also a destination for socializing. Quite a few website visitors take pleasure in the beautiful cafes and places to eat Positioned inside the store. It?�s a great spot to have a break and revel in some scrumptious food stuff.|A lot of inquiries about issues to try and do in Gangnam cross men and women?�s minds; a few of the most frequently-questioned inquiries are dealt with right here.|Witness the divided peninsula from Dora Observatory's impressive binoculars and stop by Dorasan Station, a former prepare station now symbolizing hope for unification.|Imjingak Pyeonghoa-Nuri Park ??A memorial park honoring Korea?�s division even though serving being a symbolic website for peace and reunification, featuring monuments and viewpoints.|Time out to discover one of many last remaining borders on the Cold War on a 50 percent-working day DMZ tour, having an English-speaking tutorial and easy select-up from the lodge in Seoul.|With Every single Chunk, you?�ll working experience the wealthy flavors of Korea. Gangnam?�s lively food scene is sure to fulfill your cravings and introduce you for the state?�s culinary heritage!|Mangbaedan ??A commemorative web site reflecting on historic events along with the impact in the Korean conflict, embodying equally division and hope.|A stop by to Garak Market is actually a delightful way to interact with community society although indulging in tasty foodstuff. Don?�t miss out on the possibility to knowledge this lively Market for the duration of your time and efforts in Gangnam!|Apgujeong Rodeo Road has become the trending parts all over Gangnam, well-recognized for its trend outlets, which include clothing, sneakers and components. The street received its track record from the early 90s when people there utilized to trot along with the road, clad in lavish outfits and riding in overseas automobiles. Although the sooner condition can?�t pretty much be maintained in now?�s entire world, the highway type of lives for a tribute for the early 90s.|You'll find everything from significant-stop manner to quirky Korean souvenirs. Don?�t overlook the Starfield Library, a surprising open general public Room crammed with publications and cozy looking through spots??perfect for|ideal for|great for} some peaceful early morning time.}

If you need to begin to see the historical past of Korea, we advocate browsing a Korean folk museum. And If you wish to see Seoul?�s landscapes check out the Seoul Sky observatory, it?�s the best place to view all of Seoul in a single place. We also advise seeing the night view of Seoul. for all those on a tight program.|Starfield Library is definitely the COEX Shopping mall?�s gorgeous attraction, correct in the course of the leading creating. It stands up to two tales tall and around two.|There was a time when Samsung basically ruled the cell entire world. The lesser-recognized point below is Samsung is in fact a Korean business. Samsun D??light|mild|gentle|light-weight} is really an exhibition centre, showcasing ??as you will have deduced with the title ??newest devices and systems launched by Samsung. It can be located during the Samsung headquarter setting up, that is subsequently attached to your Gangnam station.|The truth is, these buddies are in appreciate with cafés and retailers, and what?�s additional! They are still buyer-full. The merchants have become very popular and a lot more so is definitely the Gangnam branch, as it is the flagship retail outlet. Greater than 2000 things can be obtained at The shop, ranging from toys and stickers to jewelry and t-shirts.|Gangnam is household to some of the greatest Korean amusement companies. Members of the public typically go and stop by the organization headquarters and studios while in the hopes of looking at a famous Korean idol walking or driving to and from your making.|Gangnam also comes about to generally be among the sizzling spots for several of the well known Korean Leisure firms. Corporations which include SM, Dice and JYP are seen tucked away in the area. Which means that most of the Korean celebs will likely be strutting throughout the streets and Should you be Fortunate, you could just catch a glimpse of your favorite movie star all-around in this article.|Attending a performance at the Seongnam Arts Center offers a novel Perception into Korean tradition although experiencing globe-class leisure. It?�s an enriching working experience in the center in the Gangnam district.|The engaging shows enable you to check out new technologies as a result of arms-on demos. It?�s exciting to test the latest gizmos and knowledge immersive virtual truth worlds. Proficient workers are available to reply inquiries and provide insights about their solutions.|Check out Unification Village, a little farming Local community exactly where the hopes for a united Korea live to tell the tale, while you absorb the complicated realities in the peninsula.|In the event you didn?�t know, Samsung is actually a Korean business (you could likely explain to by the lack of iPhones owned in Korea). Samsung D??light|mild|gentle|light-weight} is really an exhibition Area that showcases the most up-to-date technological innovation Started by Samsung.|Day trip exploring critical landmarks inside the DMZ and Conference a North Korean defector to hear regarding their life in North Korea and their daring escape on this comprehensive-day tour.|Journey Insurance: constantly recommended, however some charge card organizations features restricted coverage when reserving.|Mangbaedan ??A commemorative web page reflecting on historical activities as well as influence on the Korean conflict, embodying both of those division and hope.|Gangnam is called one of several richest districts in South Korea and is particularly house to a lot of department shops, underground shopping centers, and malls.|A go to on the Hyundai Section Retail store enables you to take pleasure in an expensive purchasing practical experience and culinary delights. It?�s a real gem in the guts of Gangnam.|Additionally, the park provides designated regions for work out and leisure. Joggers and Conditioning fans can take pleasure in the scenic routes though getting their exercise completed.|The Gangnam district is considered one among South Korea?�s richest metropolitan areas and it is residence to several department stores, subway shopping facilities, and malls. In this article you?�ll obtain Louis Vuitton, Chanel, and Versace, and other designer stores.|Kakao Close friends is a bunch of cartoon characters from Korea, created to be a Component of the Korean messaging application, KakaoTalk. The cartoons are becoming so well-known because then, that they frequently show up on beverages??containers to even credit cards. In truth, you will discover cafés and merchants focused on these friends and what?�s additional! They can be often filled with shoppers.|Rest doesn?�t halt within the spa. Jjimjilbangs are social destinations the place relatives and buddies Obtain to unwind. Take pleasure in Korean snacks and refreshments accessible on-site when you relaxation and socialize.|As well as tasting various teas, you?�ll also get a way of tranquility. The environment within the tea house is built to advertise peace and mindfulness, improving the overall expertise. It?�s a terrific way to slow down amidst the chaotic city lifetime.|Inside a jjimjilbang, you could take pleasure in cold and warm baths to relax your muscles and increase circulation. The saunas frequently incorporate natural components like clay or herbs, giving distinctive overall health benefits.|Bongeunsa is actually a Buddhist Temple in the middle of Gangnam. This is a Show of Korea?�s classic earlier established correct in the midst of a fast paced metropolitan area.|Navigate the entire world's most fortified border while you embark over a journey from the DMZ full-day tours.|Observing the sunset in excess of Seoul within the tower is really a magical knowledge. Just after dinner, you'll be able to check out the tower?�s observation deck and acquire during the glowing night sights of town.}

Mangbaedan ??A commemorative web site reflecting on historic events along with the effects from the Korean conflict, embodying both equally division and hope. for those on a tight timetable.|Drawing from his various encounters, Rahul's writings supply visitors a captivating glimpse into the planet of travel. Embark on a journey of exploration and inspiration with Rahul as your manual. Study Much more}

Supplying Mercy Temple??and really rightfully so. It absolutely was set up Shilla dynasty, during the yr 794, to begin with named as Gyeonseongsa temple. While Buddhist temples are frequently seen for being positioned on the very best of your mountains, this 1 is in fact found to become nestling on the ground, in truth on COEX shopping mall?�s northern side.|Tip: At Imjingak Park, watch out with the messages and wishes for reunification left by site visitors from throughout the world.|It?�s not just this area ??you may pretty much go across the Gangnam road and do the methods there. The world within the station is crammed with cafés and underground buying centres. In case you are drained from a great deal of dancing, you can usually investigate this spot.|The encompassing forest delivers a welcome transform within the dense metropolitan space it is situated in, making this a popular location just to have a stroll and rest. The tombs of The 2 kings are selected Unesco Earth Heritage web pages, as are all Those people of the Joseon dynasty. Seoul Olympic Park|When you take a look at the industry, you?�ll come across stalls stuffed with colourful fruits, veggies, and website refreshing seafood. The vibrant ambiance and helpful suppliers produce a lively shopping experience. Don?�t be reluctant to sample some community snacks obtainable through the entire marketplace.|The industry is likewise recognized for its wholesale offerings. It?�s a wonderful position to get components for your personal cooking or to bring dwelling a style of Korea. You?�ll uncover unique goods not generally found in frequent supermarkets.|The Lotte amusement park is just not as large as Disney Environment Orlando, but it surely includes the earth?�s premier indoor theme park. It is additionally one of many terrific spots to go to with a wet working day.|Imjingak Pyeonghoa-Nuri Park ??A memorial park honoring Korea?�s division though serving to be a symbolic web site for peace and reunification, that includes monuments and viewpoints.|K-Pop reveals are noted for their magnificent generation, choreography, and visuals. Anticipate outstanding stage models and dazzling performances that seize the essence of South Korean pop culture.|Have your copyright Prepared for just a seamless knowledge. Ensure your copyright is in at least 6 months of validity.|For Smurf fans, There's also special merchandise and collectibles accessible for order. You may take property a bit of the enjoyable to recollect your take a look at!|Spend an supreme night within the club Octagon, essentially the most hip club in Seoul, South Korea. It?�s certainly the most hip place to expertise the interesting and energetic vibe of Seoul?�s nightlife. The nightclub is a posh cultural House rather than a simple club and it?�s the result of constant initiatives based upon the development of the society.|Gangnam, the epitome of PSY's smash strike 'Gangnam Design and style' has become a well known place for curious guests all over the globe.|With a sizable theme park that boasts indoor and outdoor attractions, Lotte Environment is a amazing desired destination if you want to see a different kind of Seoul at night.|There is a Kakao shop within the COEX mall, and it?�s a good put to invest in souvenirs for your folks and children. One more Kakao keep is found in the Gangnam station.|In Dongdaemun Night Marketplace you will find tons of very affordable matters to acquire; from clothes to skincare, you?�ll never operate away from things you?�ll immediately Assume|Listed here, vacationers and locals can get on phase and document them selves dancing to ?�Gangnam Type??although the new music plays on loop within the history. Essential-visit when you?�re hitting this segment of the funds. Consider it up a notch by signing up for a Gangnam Fashion tour, which usually takes while in the should-take a look at spots in the town for any K-Pop supporter really worth their salt.|It?�s an outstanding choice for Digital aficionados, as visitors have the ability to interact with several of the technology on Screen. Visit SM, JYP, or CUBE|For those who are trying to find a destination to get together into your wee hours with the early morning, then the Club M2 can be where you ought to head. Quite high end bar with a great deal of performances. It?�s stated that a lot of Korean artists occur below to execute, it?�s very substantial, there are lots of handsome Gentlemen and delightful women.|Per day on Gangnam Boulevard makes certain an exquisite shopping expertise stuffed with luxurious, model, and indulgence. Enjoy the higher-Strength vibe when identifying the very best that Korean trend has to offer.|Getting a cooking course can be a significant technique to deepen your appreciation of Korean food stuff and society. Ensure this encounter is in your itinerary in the course of your pay a visit to to Gangnam!|South Korea does have some wonderful spots for travellers around the globe and Gangnam is probably the greatest kinds. It can be establishing swiftly, embracing modernity with welcoming arms, whilst preserving their wealthy Korean history and traditions of their hearts ??given that is one thing well worth seeing and experiencing at least at the time.|Embark on an unforgettable journey as a result of Gangnam, wherever modernity fulfills tradition, and each corner tells a story. Whether or not you?�re a culture fanatic, a foodie, or even a nightlife seeker, Gangnam provides an assortment of activities that cater to varied interests. Prepare your pay a visit to today and immerse on your own in the top that Gangnam has to offer.|People can carry picnic baskets and spend excellent time outside. Selected picnic regions and playgrounds are available for youngsters, ensuring a pleasant expertise for the whole relatives.}

The Sinsa-dong Browsing District is known for its charming streets lined with one of a kind stores and boutiques. It?�s a great location to discover distinct souvenirs and gifts to acquire home. This lively area is well known amongst both of those locals and visitors because of its eclectic choices. Road??|Choose from two Similarly breathtaking suspension bridges and visit other crucial points of interest at DMZ Seoul on this entire-working day tour that has a guideline.|If rooftop sights are what you?�re following, Floating Bar delivers an unforgettable expertise. Situated atop a skyscraper, it offers panoramic sights of the Gangnam skyline, making the ideal setting to appreciate your favorite consume less than The celebrities.|This tour is not really proposed for people who are Expecting, have clinical ailments like significant blood pressure level, seniors, or People with mobility troubles.|It is possible to Choose between a wide array of venues. Dance the night away at popular nightclubs showcasing renowned DJs and Are living tunes. Alternatively, get pleasure from a calm night at a rooftop bar with beautiful sights of the town skyline.|Seonjeongneung Park can be residence to various hen species, which makes it a fantastic spot for character lovers and photographers. The seasonal changes insert appeal towards the landscape, In particular through cherry blossom period in spring.|This tour just isn't proposed for many who are pregnant, have healthcare disorders like significant blood pressure level, seniors, or those with mobility concerns.|The peaceful ambiance in the museum permits peaceful contemplation and reflection, making it a super place for those aiming to unwind and reconnect with their inner selves.}

The 1st time I came right here, and just both of these actually did fill me up as I viewed the twinkling lights. You can even hire a mat from the doorway and rest to the grassy regions of the park, along with Other individuals who also thought of seeing the night sky with their pals or substantial Many others. It?�s a beautiful way to cap your working day if you?�re probably not into noraebang or shopping.

Even if you?�re not a enthusiast or perhaps unfamiliar Using the characters, on the lookout ??Or maybe obtaining ??these cute Kakao Close friends things will make you feel all heat and fluffy! Also, Discovering these locations is among the best things to do in Gangnam for those on a good routine.|The road is additionally known for its seasonal functions, like Avenue fairs and exhibitions. Participating in these situations lets you have interaction With all the Group and find out more details on neighborhood society.|Together with the tech shows, Samsung d??light|mild|gentle|light-weight} typically hosts workshops and events. Check out their schedule to engage in innovative periods that dive further into technologies?�s effect on daily life. It?�s a great chance to master and expertise the way forward for technologies.|If caught in this example, vending equipment are present and community restrooms may help you freshen up till the practice will come. Korea?�s wired community also allows you to get connected to the world wide web without spending a dime whilst waiting around. Even now, for those who don?�t really feel like remaining inside the subway, you may prefer to remain in motels or jjimijilbangs|Casinos in Seoul aren't accessible for your natives ??on account of some community regulation ??but foreigners can certainly go in and take a look at their luck. Though it received?�t be a dilemma to get your self admitted to any from the casinos close to, you ought to exclusively practical experience the gambling lifetime at 7 Luck Casino. As well as becoming one of the best casinos in Seoul area, it has that distinctive Korean atmosphere, which can actually give you the encounter vacationers seem to be craving for.|Yangjaecheon Stream is a beautiful destination to have a leisurely stroll. This picturesque stream flows throughout the heart of Gangnam, providing a tranquil retreat from town hustle. The bordering inexperienced Areas and going for walks paths give a best surroundings for rest and recreation.|The museum highlights the background, beliefs, and practices of Buddhism in Korea as a result of partaking exhibitions. While you wander from the a variety of sections, you?�ll find out about historic artifacts and art pieces.|Navigate the whole world's most fortified border while you embark on a journey in the DMZ entire-day excursions.|For a more peaceful environment, The Timber House is essential-pay a visit to. This bar, nestled throughout the Park Hyatt Seoul, delivers a luxurious still welcoming vibe with its focus on regular Korean drinks like soju and makgeolli, together with top quality sake and whiskey.|Stop by Apgujeong Rodeo Road is one of the best points to complete in Gangnam and It is usually one among Gangnam?�s stylish areas, famed for its trend outlets which includes dresses, shoes, and components. The highway received its name from the early 90s when folks there utilized to trot alongside the street, clad in deluxe dresses and riding in international cars and trucks. Although the previously ailments in these days?�s entire world can basically not be replicated, the path kind of lives for a tribute into the early nineties.|The combination of lively venues and warm hospitality makes sure that your night out in Gangnam will be a single to keep in mind?�and just one you?�ll need to relive time and again.|In spring, the cherry blossoms bloom together the stream, developing a breathtaking sight. It?�s a well known area for getting pics and enjoying picnics with friends. Because the seasons adjust, Just about every stop by offers a special expertise and surroundings.|A pay a visit to to Samsung d??light|mild|gentle|light-weight} is just not almost solutions; it?�s about suffering from a glimpse of the longer term. It?�s a refreshing halt during the bustling Gangnam district.|This tour is not really proposed for people who are Expecting, have clinical ailments like significant blood pressure level, seniors, or People with mobility concerns.|DMZ Theater ??A multimedia expertise that provides historic context and deepens readers' idea of the DMZ as well as Korean conflict.}

work flat out, Perform tough??philosophy. Shiny, vibrant lights illuminate the streets, Primarily on the weekends, as folks saunter within their ideal outfits to dance the night absent or examine a close-by night sector. Seoul at night transforms right into a dazzling, glittery shopping mall of the town that screams ?�nightlife.?��?The best|The very best|The most effective|The top|The ideal|The most beneficial} nighttime ordeals in Seoul involve award-profitable dance golf equipment, one of a kind all-night cafes with panoramic town sights, and also a night sector that stays open up until eventually perfectly into another early morning.|Witness the divided peninsula from Dora Observatory's highly effective binoculars and take a look at Dorasan Station, a previous prepare station now symbolizing hope for unification.|Not really A lot of the dancer, this means you?�d alternatively sing the night absent as a substitute? In case you find yourself in the heart of Hongdae, look for Luxurious Su Noraebang. This is simply not your common karaoke space. Just like the identify implies, The entire location definitely looks lavish as a result of its spacious inside and professionally educated staff.|If you propose to stay in Korea lengthier than the usual yr, you?�ll most likely be attending loads of team occasions, And that i promise there will nearly always be drinking.|Choose from two Similarly gorgeous suspension bridges and go to other vital points of interest at DMZ Seoul on this total-day tour with a guide.|We use cookies in order that we supply you with the very best experience on our Internet site. In the event you go on to work with this site We are going to think you are happy with it.Okay|A day journey to Bukhansan Countrywide Park provides a refreshing way to connect with character though experiencing out of doors actions. It?�s a great addition to your Gangnam itinerary!|Together with housing the sixth tallest building on this planet, Lotte Environment also has an aquarium, a folk museum, plus a minimart! If you?�re lucky, you could possibly get to check out outdoor activities that Exhibit the creative imagination of local and Worldwide artists.|A favorite family vacation destination for dance songs supporters, South Korea?�s funds has many hundreds of golf equipment and bars, mostly within the Gangnam and Hongdae districts.|Within the 117th flooring on the Lotte Earth Tower lies an observatory that permits you to see a wonderful panoramic view of the Han River and Seoul at night. Just a floor over also lies the incredible Sky Deck, which has a transparent glass ground Which may just awaken the interior acrophobic in you.|You may as well get involved in guided going for walks excursions that concentrate on the street art scene. These tours offer insightful commentary about the artists as well as their motivations, deepening your appreciation with the is effective on Display screen. They generally involve storytelling things that provide the art to existence.|Day out to explore one of the past remaining borders with the Chilly War on the half-working day DMZ tour, using an English-speaking guide and straightforward select-up out of your hotel in Seoul.|Also, don?�t ignore to ebook your customized holiday offer with Fiery Trippers. Allow us to make your trip a passionate in addition to a dreamy getaway.|Seoul Nightlife Tours Seoul?�s nightlife is not any joke, and in Gangnam you are able to end up partying right up until the sun will come up. The clubs are really spaced out, so club hopping isn?�t as simple as during the Hongdae place.}

DMZ Theater ??A multimedia knowledge that gives historic context and deepens guests' comprehension of the DMZ plus the Korean conflict.}

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *